How to write scientific articles

Linda Cecilie Kjeldsen, 2004

Purpose:
Provide information and tips about layout and LaTeX for scientific articles

Format and style ] [ TeX ]

"A man [or woman] of true science...uses but few hard words, and those only
when none other will answer his [or her] purpose; whereas the smatterer in
science...thinks that by mouthing hard words he proves he understands hard things."      


-- Herman Melville
Herman Melville

Format and style

* General guidelines:

* Books on scientific writing that are available online: Principles of science writing - Has a very informative bibliography that comments on the entries.

The Guide to preparing manuscripts for the journals published by the Taylor & Francis group.

TeX

BibTeX ] [ Graphics ]

TeX is a typesetting system written by Donald E. Knuth, who says that it is "intended for the creation of beautiful books - and especially for books that contain a lot of mathematics".

MiKTeX is an up-to-date TeX implementation for the Windows operating system. MiKTeX offers a complete set of utilities, macro packages and fonts, e.g., LaTeX, pdfTeX, ConTeXt, just to name a few.

* Links to get started:

* Editors:
There are no problems with using any plain text editor to edit .tex-files. However, it is more convenient to use an editor with special features to make using LaTeX easier:

(WinEdt comes configured for the MikTeX distribution of LaTeX, and it is easy both to install and to use.)

* An example file to begin with:

* An introduction to the LaTeX commands
* Create different types of dockuments (report, article, book, letter), and produce different formats (pdf, html, postscript).

* Other...

BibTeX

* Create Bibliography with BibTeX (a part of MikTeX):

* Example:

Graphics

To add graphics to a LaTeX document, have the graphics in EPS-format (Encapsulated PostScript). Adobe Photoshop or Illustrator supports this format. For pdflatex, the graphics can be in jpg, png or pdf format, not eps. This means that if the document is to be transformed both by standard latex and pdflatex, the graphics must be kept in two formats; eps and one of the others.

In the heading, include the package "graphicx" in the "\usepackage"-command. To include graphics, put "\includegraphics{myGraphics}" where the graphics is supposed to be placed. No filetype is included, and that is because the standard latex automatically looks for .eps-files and pdflatex looks for .jpg, .png or .pdf.
By passing an argument to the "\includegraphics"-command, the size of the graphics can be specified, i.e. "\includegraphics[width=3in]{myGraphics}"

To add caption and label (so that the figure can be referenced) do like this:
\begin{figure}
     \includegraphics[width=3in]{myGraphics}
     \caption{This is a very nice picture.}
     \label{fig:graphics}
\end{figure}

To center the figure just add a \centerline around the \includegraphics statement:
\centerline{\includegraphics[width=3in]{myGraphics}}

Graphics and tables are called "floats" by professional printers because they float in text. Floating in the text means that they are not part of the normal text, but rather float in the area where they are placed and can move up or down in the text based on spacing needs. How to avoid this I haven't figured out yet...

Graphics in the tutorial
Overview of graphics in LaTeX
Document Formatting

* Example:

Control and update
November 2004, Linda Cecilie Kjeldsen